CBSE Class 12 Maths Syllabus 2026-27
Subject Code: 041 | Academic Year: 2026-27
The CBSE Class 12 Mathematics syllabus 2026-27 covers six major units with strong emphasis on Calculus, which forms the backbone of the course at 35 marks. The curriculum aligns with NCF-SE 2023 and prepares students for both board exams and competitive entrance tests like JEE Mains and Advanced. Mastery of this syllabus requires consistent practice, conceptual clarity, and strong problem-solving skills.
Marks Distribution
| Unit | Unit Name | Marks |
|---|---|---|
| I | Relations and Functions | 8 |
| II | Algebra | 10 |
| III | Calculus | 35 |
| IV | Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry | 14 |
| V | Linear Programming | 5 |
| VI | Probability | 8 |
| Theory Total | 80 | |
| Internal Assessment | 20 | |
| Grand Total | 100 | |
Unit-wise Syllabus
Unit I: Relations and Functions
8 marks- Relations and Functions — types of relations, types of functions, composition, invertible functions
- Inverse Trigonometric Functions — definition, range, domain, principal values, properties
Unit II: Algebra
10 marks- Matrices — types, operations, transpose, symmetric, skew-symmetric, elementary row operations, invertible matrices
- Determinants — order up to 3×3, properties, cofactors, adjoint, inverse, applications (area of triangle, solving equations)
Unit III: Calculus
35 marks- Continuity and Differentiability — chain rule, derivatives of composite, implicit, exponential, logarithmic functions, second-order derivatives, Rolle's and Mean Value Theorems
- Applications of Derivatives — rate of change, increasing/decreasing functions, tangents and normals, maxima and minima
- Integrals — integration by substitution, partial fractions, by parts; definite integrals; fundamental theorem of calculus
- Applications of the Integrals — area under curves, area between two curves
- Differential Equations — order, degree, general and particular solutions, variable separable, homogeneous, linear first-order
Unit IV: Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry
14 marks- Vectors — types, addition, scalar and vector products, projection of a vector
- Three-Dimensional Geometry — direction cosines, equations of line and plane, coplanarity, distance of a point from a plane, angle between line/plane
Unit V: Linear Programming
5 marks- Introduction to Linear Programming — problem formulation, graphical method, infeasible and unbounded solutions, optimal feasible solution
Unit VI: Probability
8 marks- Conditional Probability — multiplication theorem, independent events
- Bayes' Theorem and its applications
- Random Variables and Probability Distributions — mean, variance; Binomial distribution
Exam Pattern
| Section | Question Type | Marks |
|---|---|---|
| Section A | MCQs (1 mark each) + Assertion-Reason | 20 |
| Section B | Very Short Answer (2 marks each) | 10 |
| Section C | Short Answer (3 marks each) | 18 |
| Section D | Long Answer (5 marks each) | 20 |
| Section E | Case-based (4 marks each) | 12 |
Recommended Reference Books
- ★Mathematics Part I & II — Class XII — NCERT (primary textbook)
- ★Mathematics Exemplar Problems Class XII — NCERT
- ★RD Sharma Mathematics for Class 12 — comprehensive chapter-wise problems
- ★Arihant All in One Mathematics Class 12 — board-pattern papers and revision notes
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How many units are in CBSE Class 12 Maths syllabus 2026-27?▾
There are 6 units: Relations and Functions, Algebra, Calculus, Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry, Linear Programming, and Probability.
Which unit carries the most marks in CBSE Class 12 Maths?▾
Calculus carries the highest marks (35 marks out of 80) and is the most important unit for board exams.
What is the total marks for CBSE Class 12 Maths board exam?▾
80 marks for the theory board exam plus 20 marks for internal assessment, totalling 100 marks.
Is CBSE Class 12 Maths syllabus relevant for JEE preparation?▾
Yes, most of the CBSE Class 12 Maths syllabus — Calculus, Vectors, 3D Geometry, Probability, and Matrices — overlaps significantly with JEE Mains and Advanced.
What are the best books for CBSE Class 12 Maths?▾
NCERT Mathematics Part I and Part II (Class XII) are primary. For advanced practice: RD Sharma, RS Aggarwal, and Arihant All in One Mathematics.
What chapters are covered in Calculus for Class 12 CBSE?▾
Calculus in Class 12 covers Continuity and Differentiability, Applications of Derivatives, Integrals, Applications of Integrals, and Differential Equations.
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