CBSE Class 10 Maths Syllabus 2026-27
Subject Code: 041 & 241 | Academic Year: 2026-27
The CBSE Class 10 Mathematics curriculum for 2026-27 has been redesigned in alignment with the National Education Policy 2020 and the National Curriculum Framework for School Education (NCF-SE) 2023. It prioritises deep conceptual understanding, logical reasoning, and real-life application over rote learning. The syllabus covers seven units spanning number theory, algebra, geometry, trigonometry, mensuration, and statistics — building a strong foundation for Class 11–12 and competitive exams.
Marks Distribution
| Unit | Unit Name | Marks |
|---|---|---|
| I | Number Systems | 6 |
| II | Algebra | 20 |
| III | Coordinate Geometry | 6 |
| IV | Geometry | 15 |
| V | Trigonometry | 12 |
| VI | Mensuration | 10 |
| VII | Statistics and Probability | 11 |
| Theory Total | 80 | |
| Internal Assessment | 20 | |
| Grand Total | 100 | |
Internal Assessment: Periodic Assessments (10) + Portfolio (5) + Student Enrichment Activities (5)
Unit-wise Syllabus
Unit I: Number Systems
6 marks- Real Numbers — Euclid's Division Lemma
- Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic
- Decimal representation of rational numbers (terminating and non-terminating)
- Proofs of irrationality of √2, √3, √5
Unit II: Algebra
20 marks- Polynomials — zeros, relationship between zeros and coefficients, division algorithm
- Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables — graphical and algebraic methods
- Quadratic Equations — standard form, factorisation, quadratic formula, nature of roots
- Arithmetic Progressions — nth term, sum of n terms, real-life applications
Unit III: Coordinate Geometry
6 marks- Distance formula
- Section formula (internal division)
- Area of a triangle using coordinates
Unit IV: Geometry
15 marks- Triangles — similarity criteria (AA, SAS, SSS), BPT theorem, Pythagoras theorem
- Circles — tangent to a circle, number of tangents from an external point
Unit V: Trigonometry
12 marks- Introduction to Trigonometry — sin, cos, tan and reciprocals for standard angles
- Trigonometric Identities — sin²A + cos²A = 1 and related identities
- Heights and Distances — angle of elevation and depression, real-life problems
Unit VI: Mensuration
10 marks- Areas Related to Circles — area of sector, area of segment
- Surface Areas and Volumes — combinations of solids (cone + hemisphere, cylinder + cone, etc.)
Unit VII: Statistics and Probability
11 marks- Statistics — mean, median, mode of grouped data; cumulative frequency distribution; ogive
- Probability — classical definition, simple problems based on single events
Exam Pattern
| Component | Details | Marks |
|---|---|---|
| Board Exam (Theory) | 3 hours, 80 marks paper | 80 |
| Periodic Assessments | Best of 3 tests conducted by school | 10 |
| Portfolio | Classwork, worksheets, assignments | 5 |
| Student Enrichment Activities | Mathematical lab activities | 5 |
Question paper pattern: Section A (MCQs & 1-mark), Section B (2-mark), Section C (3-mark), Section D (5-mark), Section E (case-based 4-mark).
Recommended Reference Books
- ★Mathematics Class X — NCERT (primary textbook, must-read for every chapter)
- ★Mathematics Exemplar Problems Class X — NCERT (higher-order thinking questions)
- ★RD Sharma Mathematics for Class 10 — extensive practice, chapter-wise exercises
- ★RS Aggarwal Mathematics for Class 10 — board-style problems and solutions
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Book Free Demo Class →Frequently Asked Questions
How many units are in CBSE Class 10 Maths syllabus 2026-27?▾
There are 7 units: Number Systems, Algebra, Coordinate Geometry, Geometry, Trigonometry, Mensuration, and Statistics & Probability.
What is the total marks for CBSE Class 10 Maths?▾
80 marks for the theory exam plus 20 marks for internal assessment, totalling 100 marks.
Which unit carries the most marks in CBSE Class 10 Maths?▾
Algebra carries the highest marks (20 marks) followed by Geometry (15 marks) and Trigonometry (12 marks).
Is Calculus part of CBSE Class 10 Maths?▾
No, Calculus is not included in Class 10. It is introduced in Class 11 (Limits and Derivatives) and studied in depth in Class 12.
What are the best reference books for CBSE Class 10 Maths?▾
The recommended books are NCERT Mathematics Class X (primary), NCERT Exemplar Problems, RD Sharma Mathematics Class 10, and RS Aggarwal Mathematics Class 10.
How many marks does internal assessment carry in CBSE Class 10 Maths?▾
Internal assessment carries 20 marks, split across periodic assessments (10 marks), portfolio (5 marks), and student enrichment activities (5 marks).
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