Microprocessors and Embedded Systems (PBEET504) Syllabus

Introduction to microprocessors — features and architecture of 8085, registers of 8085, flags, 8085 pin diagram (pins, signals and functions). Assembly language programming — basic instruction set to write simple programs (arithmetic, logical, branching instructions, opcodes, hand coding), programs involving 8 and 16-bit addition, subtraction, memory reading and writing, sorting, addressing modes, classification of instructions.

Stack and subroutines — CALL and RETURN instructions, timing and control (machine cycles, instruction cycle, T-states, fetch and execute cycles, timing diagram for instructions), delay subroutines, interrupts, interrupt service routines, interfacing ADC and DAC. Introduction to embedded systems — application domain, features and characteristics, microprocessors and microcontrollers, choice and suitability for applications.

Introduction to Arduino UNO (8-bit) — hardware fundamentals of ATmega328P microcontroller based board, Arduino architecture, pin diagram and functions, overview of I/O ports, timers, interrupts, PWM, ADC. Introduction to Arduino IDE — libraries, steps for creating a program, sketch structure and flow, setup and loop functions. Programming in Embedded C — data types, operators, conditional statements, loops, arrays and functions, built-in functions, LED blink control, interfacing LCD, seven segment LED, switch interface, binary counter, LED control by switch/potentiometer, relays, buzzer, basic sensors and actuators.

ARM (Advanced RISC Machines) based embedded system design — classification of microprocessors by word length, architecture and instruction set, RISC and CISC features. Introduction to Arduino Due (32-bit) microcontroller board based on ATmega SAM3X ARM Cortex-M3 CPU — features, general specifications, architecture, inputs/outputs, ratings, pinout familiarization. Programming basics — Arduino IDE, use of timer, interfacing ADC and DAC, PWM implementation, introduction to Arduino Cloud Editor.